词条 大气层
描述: 大气层是围绕天体的一层气体，它由天体的引力维持，因此在表面处最为稠密，而在高空逐渐与星际空间融合。
对于具有固态或液态表面的行星，大气层的下边界是明确的。然而，恒星因为其内部是气态的，所以没有明确的大气层下边界。恒星大气通常指的是恒星的外层气态区域，光线从恒星内部穿过这一层进入太空。
行星的磁场可以保护其大气层不被太阳风或恒星风迅速吹散。以地球为例，磁场不仅保护大气层，还保护所有生物免受太阳风和宇宙射线的有害影响，从而避免基因损伤。
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词条和定义状态： 该术语的英文原始定义已通过天文研究人员和教师的审核 该术语及其定义的译文仍待审核
The OAE Multilingual Glossary is a project of the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education (OAE) in collaboration with the IAU Office of Astronomy Outreach (OAO). The terms and definitions were chosen, written and reviewed by a collective effort from the OAE, the OAE Centers and Nodes, the OAE National Astronomy Education Coordinators (NAECs) and other volunteers. You can find a full list of credits here. All glossary terms and their definitions are released under a Creative Commons CC BY-4.0 license and should be credited to "IAU OAE".
If you notice a factual or translation error in this glossary term or definition then please get in touch.
其他语言版本
- 阿拉伯语: الغلاف الجوي
- 德语: Atmosphäre
- 英语: Atmosphere
- 西班牙语: Atmósfera
- 法语: Atmosphère
- 意大利语: Atmosfera
- 韩语: 대기
- 巴西葡萄牙语: Atmosfera
- 繁体中文: 大氣層
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Moon and Earth's thin atmosphere
图注： Taken from the International Space Station (ISS), approximately 400 kilometers above the ground, the picture shows the Moon far in the background and Earth's thin atmosphere. It appears blue as light in this wavelength is scattered more than in others by the gases in the upper layers. The photo was taken in March 2015 by a crew member. Clearly visible is the vanishingly small layer of gases compared to Earth's dimensions. There is no clear border between the atmosphere and space; it is a smooth transition with no sharp edges. The thickness to the upper limit of the stratosphere, roughly 50 kilometers, does not even amount to one percent of Earth's radius. Above 600 kilometers, particles reaching the critical escape velocity can leave into space. The total mass of the atmosphere is around 300 times less than that of all oceans combined or one million times less than Earth's total mass.
来源： Earth Science and Remote Sensing Unit, NASA Johnson Space Center
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License: PD 公共领域 图标
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