This page describes an image Comet Shoemaker-Levy After Crossing Jupiter's Roche Limit
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Didascalia:
This panoramic image captured by the Hubble Space Telescope shows fragments of Comet Shoemaker–Levy 9. This comet was discovered in 1993 as the series of fragments you see here. These fragments were orbiting Jupiter. It is thought that at some point in the previous few decades the whole, unfragmented comet had been gravitationally captured by Jupiter. Then in 1992 the comet passed within Jupiter’s Roche limit.
Astronomical objects exert gravitational forces on each other. The closer one is to an object, the larger the force. Astronomical objects have a real physical size and thus the gravitational force exerted on the object will vary across the object, the side of an object closer to another object will feel a stronger gravitational force from that other object than the more distant side. The gravitational stretching distorts the object. This gravitational stretching force is known as the tidal force. When an object is close enough to a large body like Jupiter, the object will feel such a large tidal stretching force that it will overcome the internal gravitational force holding the object together, ripping it to shreds. The distance from the larger body within which this occurs is known as the Roche limit.
When Shoemaker–Levy 9 crossed Jupiter's Roche limit in 1992, the tidal force pulled the comet into separate fragments. Here we see these fragments in a chain as they orbited Jupiter in May 1994. Later in July 1994 the comet fragment plunged into Jupiter’s atmosphere over the course of a week in a spectacular series of impacts. This event provided scientists with a rare opportunity to witness an impact unfolding in real time.
Didascalie in altre lingue
Crediti per l'immagine: NASA, ESA, and H. Weaver and E. Smith (STScI) Link per i Crediti
Termini di glossario connessi:
Forza di marea
, Limite di Roche
Licenza per l'immagine: Dominio Pubblico Dominio Pubblico icone
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Didascalie in lingue diverse:
Didascalia: Dieses vom Hubble-Weltraumteleskop aufgenommene Panoramabild zeigt Fragmente des Kometen Shoemaker–Levy 9. Dieser Komet wurde 1993 als die hier zu sehende Reihe von Fragmenten entdeckt. Diese Fragmente umkreisten den Jupiter. Man nimmt an, dass der noch unfragmentierte Komet irgendwann in den vorangegangenen Jahrzehnten durch die Schwerkraft des Jupiter eingefangen worden ist. Im Jahr 1992 passierte der Komet dann die Roche-Grenze des Jupiters.
Astronomische Objekte üben gegenseitig Gravitationskräfte aufeinander aus: Je näher man einem Objekt ist, desto größer ist diese Kraft. Da es sich bei den beteiligten Körpern um ausgedehnte Objekte handelt, ist die Gravitationskraft die das eine auf das andere Objekt ausübt, auf der zu- und abgewandten Seite unterschiedlich groß. Die so verursachte Dehnung verformt das Objekt und ihre Ursache wird als Gezeitenkraft bezeichnet. Befindet sich ein Objekt nahe genug an einem großen Himmelskörper wie dem Jupiter, wirkt auf das Objekt eine so große Gezeitenkraft, dass diese die innere Gravitationskraft, die das Objekt zusammenhält, übersteigt und es in Stücke reißt. Die Entfernung zum größeren Himmelskörper, innerhalb derer dies geschieht, wird als Roche-Grenze bezeichnet.
Als Shoemaker–Levy 9 1992 die Roche-Grenze des Jupiters überschritt, riss die Gezeitenkraft den Kometen in einzelne Fragmente auseinander. Hier sehen wir diese Fragmente aufgereiht in einer Kette, während sie im Mai 1994 den Jupiter umkreisten. Im Juli 1994, stürzten die Kometenfragmente dann im Laufe einer Woche in einer spektakulären Serie von Einschlägen in die Jupiteratmosphäre. Dieses Ereignis bot Wissenschaftlern die seltene Gelegenheit, einen solchen Einschlag in Echtzeit mitzuerleben.
Crediti per l'immagine: NASA, ESA sowie H. Weaver und E. Smith (STScI)
Termini di glossario connessi: Gezeitenkraft , Roche-Grenze Stato di traduzione della didascalia: Non ancora approvato da un revisore
Traduttori della didascalia: Simon Kraus
Didascalia: This panoramic image captured by the Hubble Space Telescope shows fragments of Comet Shoemaker–Levy 9. This comet was discovered in 1993 as the series of fragments you see here. These fragments were orbiting Jupiter. It is thought that at some point in the previous few decades the whole, unfragmented comet had been gravitationally captured by Jupiter. Then in 1992 the comet passed within Jupiter’s Roche limit.
Astronomical objects exert gravitational forces on each other. The closer one is to an object, the larger the force. Astronomical objects have a real physical size and thus the gravitational force exerted on the object will vary across the object, the side of an object closer to another object will feel a stronger gravitational force from that other object than the more distant side. The gravitational stretching distorts the object. This gravitational stretching force is known as the tidal force. When an object is close enough to a large body like Jupiter, the object will feel such a large tidal stretching force that it will overcome the internal gravitational force holding the object together, ripping it to shreds. The distance from the larger body within which this occurs is known as the Roche limit.
When Shoemaker–Levy 9 crossed Jupiter's Roche limit in 1992, the tidal force pulled the comet into separate fragments. Here we see these fragments in a chain as they orbited Jupiter in May 1994. Later in July 1994 the comet fragment plunged into Jupiter’s atmosphere over the course of a week in a spectacular series of impacts. This event provided scientists with a rare opportunity to witness an impact unfolding in real time.
Crediti per l'immagine: NASA, ESA, and H. Weaver and E. Smith (STScI)
Termini di glossario connessi: Roche Limit , Tidal Force
