Glossary term: Marte
Description: Marte es el cuarto planeta desde el Sol en el Sistema Solar. Es un planeta rocoso y terrestre con un radio de poco menos de 3400 kilómetros (km), algo más de la mitad del radio de la Tierra. Marte tiene una atmósfera muy fina, un extenso sistema de cañones y la montaña más alta del Sistema Solar: un volcán extinto llamado Monte Olimpo. Se cree que en épocas anteriores de su historia albergó agua en estado líquido.
Su distancia típica al Sol es de unos 228 millones de km o 1.52 unidades astronómicas (distancias Tierra-Sol). Tarda 687 días en completar una órbita alrededor del Sol. Marte tiene dos pequeñas lunas, Fobos y Deimos.
Lleva el nombre del dios romano de la guerra. A menudo se le llama el «planeta rojo» debido a su color rojizo y oxidado. A lo largo de los años, los científicos han enviado numerosos módulos de exploración a Marte para estudiar su composición y su atmósfera.
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Term and definition status: The original definition of this term in English have been approved by a research astronomer and a teacher The translation of this term and its definition is still awaiting approval
The OAE Multilingual Glossary is a project of the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education (OAE) in collaboration with the IAU Office of Astronomy Outreach (OAO). The terms and definitions were chosen, written and reviewed by a collective effort from the OAE, the OAE Centers and Nodes, the OAE National Astronomy Education Coordinators (NAECs) and other volunteers. You can find a full list of credits here. All glossary terms and their definitions are released under a Creative Commons CC BY-4.0 license and should be credited to "IAU OAE".
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Tránsito de Fobos desde Marte
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Este vídeo es en tiempo real, y el tránsito completo dura sólo 32 segundos. Esto contrasta con las horas que dura un eclipse solar en la Tierra desde que la Luna oscurece parte del Sol hasta que este vuelve a ser completamente visible. Esto se debe a que el período orbital de Fobos es mucho más corto, de poco más de siete horas y media, que el de la Luna, de 27 días, y a que el disco solar parece ligeramente más pequeño desde Marte que desde la Tierra. Nótese la forma no esférica de Fobos al cruzar el disco solar.
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