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Glossarbegriffe: Jahreszeiten

Description: Die Erdachse steht nicht senkrecht zur Erdumlaufbahn um die Sonne, sondern ist in einem Winkel von 23,4 Grad zu ihr geneigt. Infolgedessen verändert sich die scheinbare Position der Sonne am Himmel zu einer bestimmten Tageszeit im Laufe des Jahres. Wenn die Sonne - im Durchschnitt - höher am Himmel steht, erreicht mehr Sonnenlicht einen bestimmten Bereich der Erdoberfläche. Das führt im Laufe des Jahres zu wärmeren und kälteren Zeitabschnitten, die in Regionen, die weiter vom Äquator entfernt sind, stärker ausgeprägt sind und als Jahreszeiten bezeichnet werden. Die Jahreszeiten der nördlichen Hemisphäre sind den südlichen Jahreszeiten entgegengesetzt: Der Sommer auf der Nordhalbkugel, d.h. die drei Monate um den 21. Juni, in denen die Nordhalbkugel der Sonne am stärksten zugewandt ist, entspricht dem Winter auf der Südhalbkugel, bei dem die Südhalbkugel von der Sonne abgewandt ist. Das Gleiche gilt für den Sommer auf der südlichen Hemisphäre und den Winter auf der nördlichen Hemisphäre, also die drei Monate um den 21. Dezember. In vielen Teilen der Erde in Äquatornähe gibt es Jahreszeiten, die sich von den Sommer- und Wintermustern in den gemäßigten und arktischen Breitengraden unterscheiden. Es kann von kulturellen Gepflogenheiten und dem Zeitalter abhängen, wie die Dauer, der Beginn und das Ende der einzelnen Jahreszeiten festgelegt sind.

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Term and definition status: The original definition of this term in English have been approved by a research astronomer and a teacher
The translation of this term and its definition is still awaiting approval

The OAE Multilingual Glossary is a project of the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education (OAE) in collaboration with the IAU Office of Astronomy Outreach (OAO). The terms and definitions were chosen, written and reviewed by a collective effort from the OAE, the OAE Centers and Nodes, the OAE National Astronomy Education Coordinators (NAECs) and other volunteers. You can find a full list of credits here. All glossary terms and their definitions are released under a Creative Commons CC BY-4.0 license and should be credited to "IAU OAE".

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A female astronaut explains in Arabic about the lack of seasons on Venus

Venus: A Planet Without Seasons

Bildunterschriften: This infographic is part of the "Simplifying Astronomy for Arabic Speakers" project, which aims to provide simplified scientific information about Venus, one of the most mysterious planets in our solar system. Why Doesn’t Venus Have Seasons? Venus is an exception among the planets when it comes to seasonal changes. Unlike Earth and Mars, which have a noticeable axial tilt, Venus’ axis is nearly parallel to its orbital plane around the Sun. This means that both hemispheres receive the same amount of solar radiation throughout the year, leading to a lack of distinct seasons like those experienced on Earth. Extreme Temperatures Venus is known as the hottest planet in the solar system, with surface temperatures reaching 462°C (864°F) during the day and dropping to -173°C (-280°F) at night. This extreme variation does not occur due to axial tilt or rotation but is primarily caused by Venus’ thick atmosphere, which is composed mostly of carbon dioxide. This composition creates a runaway greenhouse effect, making Venus even hotter than Mercury, despite being farther from the Sun. The Impact of the Thick Atmosphere Venus' dense atmosphere plays a major role in stabilizing its temperatures, as it traps solar heat and prevents it from escaping into space. As a result, Venus remains consistently hot, whether in daylight or nighttime. Conclusion Venus presents a unique environment in the solar system, where its structure and extreme conditions prevent it from experiencing seasons like Earth. This makes it a fascinating target for scientists seeking to understand how atmospheric composition influences climate and temperature changes over time. Studying Venus is not just about exploring a single planet—it provides valuable insights into the evolution of planetary atmospheres and climate systems across the universe.
Bildnachweis: Ali Al-Edhari

License: CC-BY-4.0 Creative Commons Namensnennung 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) icons

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