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Glossary term: O型星

Description: O型星是指光譜類型為 "O "的恆星。天文學家通過光譜中電離氦的吸收線來識別O型星。它們的典型(有效)溫度超過約 30,000 開爾文(K)。與其他恆星相比,人眼中的O型星呈藍白色,除非星際紅化或大氣紅化產生重大影響。O 型星是主要光譜分類中最熱、最藍的恆星。主序上的 O 型星質量最大(約 15 個太陽質量以上),氫燃燒壽命最短,因此大多出現在恆星形成區內和周圍。

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Term and definition status: The original definition of this term in English have been approved by a research astronomer and a teacher
The translation of this term and its definition is still awaiting approval

This is an automated transliteration of the simplified Chinese translation of this term

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一條平滑的綫條,在較長的波長上呈下降趨勢,並伴有一些急劇下降。

一顆 O 型恒星的光譜

Caption: O 型恒星 HD 235673 的光譜,X 軸為波長(納米),Y 軸為通量。圖的上半部分顯示瞭相同的光譜,但高通量的波長為亮斑,低通量的波長為暗斑。400 納米到 700 納米之間的綫條顔色與人眼看到的該波長光的顔色基本一緻。在 400 納米以下和 700 納米以上,人眼幾乎看不到光,這兩條綫的顔色分彆為藍色和紅色。 黑綫錶示恒星大氣中不同元素的原子和離子造成的光譜吸收綫。這些原子和離子會吸收特定波長的光,從而在光譜中形成尖銳的暗綫。這些綫條的強度取決於恒星大氣層的溫度。如果兩顆恒星的大氣層溫度不同,那麼由相同元素混閤而成的兩顆恒星的光譜中可能會齣現大相徑庭的光譜綫。對於 O 型恒星來說,最重要的特徵是由電離氦引起的少量譜綫。O 型恒星中的這些譜綫比冷態恒星中的譜綫更強。氦原子和氫原子的譜綫也齣現在光譜中。光譜的藍色端比紅色端有更多的通量。
Credit: IAU OAE/SDSS/Niall Deacon

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