词条宇航员

即 Spaceman 或 Spacewoman

描述: 宇航员是有资格成为太空飞行机组成员的人。宇航员接受火箭和空间站操作方面的培训，以及解决地球大气层外特有的专业技术问题的培训。他们还经常接受在太空中进行科学实验的训练。少数宇航员甚至在月球上行走过。宇航员最初是指美国的太空人员，但现在已成为许多不同国家使用的通用术语。俄罗斯的航天员被称为cosmonauts，中国的航天员通常被称为taikonauts，欧洲的航天员被称为spationauts。

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词条和定义状态： 该术语的英文原始定义已通过天文研究人员和教师的审核
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The OAE Multilingual Glossary is a project of the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education (OAE) in collaboration with the IAU Office of Astronomy Outreach (OAO). The terms and definitions were chosen, written and reviewed by a collective effort from the OAE, the OAE Centers and Nodes, the OAE National Astronomy Education Coordinators (NAECs) and other volunteers. You can find a full list of credits here. All glossary terms and their definitions are released under a Creative Commons CC BY-4.0 license and should be credited to "IAU OAE".

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其他语言版本

阿拉伯语: رائد فضاء
德语: Astronaut
英语: Astronaut
西班牙语: Astronauta
波斯语: فضانورد
法语: Astronaute
意大利语: Astronauta
巴西葡萄牙语: Astronauta
繁体中文: 宇航員

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太空行走

图注： 这是2014年，欧洲航天局宇航员亚历山大·格斯特（德国）在国际空间站（ISS）进行舱外活动（EVA）时的场景。他在空间站外的工作持续了超过六小时。
来源： 美国宇航局来源链接

License: CC-BY-NC-2.0 知识共享许可协议 Attribution-NonCommercial 2.0 Generic 图标

Two astronauts attach a truss to the ISS, against the backdrop of Earth. They wear white space suites attached to the ISS

Astronauts working outside the ISS

图注： In this image, astronauts Robert L. Curbeam (USA) and Christer Fuglesang (Sweden) are seen working outside the International Space Station (ISS), visible against the backdrop of the Earth with New Zealand visible below. They are attaching a truss segment to the ISS to keep it rigid and to route electricity and liquid coolants. Extending over 15 meters and weighing more than 10,000 kilograms, these trusses are not easy objects to work with, especially outside of a space station. The astronauts are wearing large white spacesuits and are attached to the hull of the ISS to ensure they do not drift off into space.
来源： STS-116 Shuttle Crew, NASA 来源链接

License: PD 公共领域图标