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词条 地心说

描述: 早期的宇宙模型是地心说,把地球置于宇宙中心,月球、太阳和行星相对于 "固定 "恒星围绕地球运动。在古代的许多文化中,地心说与把太阳置于中心的日心说并存。托勒密体系是一个颇具影响力的地心模型,它以公元 2 世纪的天文学家克劳迪乌斯-托勒密的名字命名。在欧洲、北非和中东地区的一千多年里,它一直是最著名的宇宙模型。16 世纪晚期,人们开始转向日心说,这个学说通常与尼古拉斯-哥白尼(Nicolaus Copernicus)这一名字联系在一起。今天,我们知道太阳系只是众多此类系统中的一个,当然也不是宇宙的中心。实际上,对天空的地心描述仍在使用,但只是作为一种计算在特定时间从特定地点可以看到哪些天体的方法。

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Views of Earth's Western & Eastern hemispheres. Each surrounded by 8 concentric semicircles for Moon, planets, Sun & stars.

A Geocentric chart from 1568

图注: This map, created in 1568 by the Portuguese cartographer Bartolomeu Velho, depicts the worldview of the time, when many scholars believed in a geocentric model of the cosmos — the idea that Earth sits at the centre of the Universe with the Sun, Moon, the five planets known at the time, and stars moving around it. Although primarily a navigational chart, the design and layout of this map were influenced by astronomical understanding rooted in geocentric thinking. The geocentric model was widely accepted for many centuries, especially in Europe, based on interpretations of celestial motions and philosophical traditions that placed Earth at the centre. It was only later, with observations by astronomers such as, Galileo Galilei, that this model was replaced by the heliocentric model, which places the Sun at the centre of the Solar System.
来源: Bartolomeu Velho 来源链接

License: PD 公共领域 图标