Glossarbegriffe: Navigation
Description: Bei der Navigation geht es darum, herauszufinden, wo auf der Erde oder im Weltraum man sich befindet, in welche Richtung man reisen will und wie man an sein Ziel kommt. Früher spielten die Sonne und die Sterne eine wichtige Rolle für die Navigation. Ein einfaches Beispiel: Man befindet sich in einer klaren Nacht auf der Nordhalbkugel, kann mithilfe des Polarsterns herausfinden, wo Norden ist und sich dementsprechend orientieren. Auf der Südhalbkugel zeigt das Kreuz des Südens nach Süden. Vor der Entwicklung moderner Navigationsgeräte war die "Himmelsnavigation" für die Navigation unerlässlich. Seefahrer bestimmten den Winkel der Sonne über dem Horizont zur Mittagszeit, um ihren Breitengrad zu ermitteln. Um ihren Längengrad zu bestimmen, verglichen sie den Zeitpunkt der lokalen Mittagszeit (höchster Stand der Sonne am Himmel) mit einer Uhr, welche die Greenwich Mean Time (die mittlere Sonnenzeit am Greenwich-Nullmeridian) anzeigt. Die moderne Navigation verwendet hauptsächlich GPS-Signale und ähnliche Satellitensysteme.
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Term and definition status: The original definition of this term in English have been approved by a research astronomer and a teacher The translation of this term and its definition is still awaiting approval
The OAE Multilingual Glossary is a project of the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education (OAE) in collaboration with the IAU Office of Astronomy Outreach (OAO). The terms and definitions were chosen, written and reviewed by a collective effort from the OAE, the OAE Centers and Nodes, the OAE National Astronomy Education Coordinators (NAECs) and other volunteers. You can find a full list of credits here. All glossary terms and their definitions are released under a Creative Commons CC BY-4.0 license and should be credited to "IAU OAE".
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