Caption: 天秤座及其明亮恆星與周邊星座示意圖。從頂部開始沿順時針方向，天秤座周邊的星座依次為：巨蛇頭、室女座、長蛇座、半人馬座、豺狼座、天蠍座和蛇夫座。天秤座位於黃道上。從地球看來，太陽以一年為週期在天球上移動，所經過的路徑稱為黃道，在圖中以藍色實線標注。太陽在每年十月下旬到十一月下旬位於天秤座。太陽系中的其他行星也經常出現在天秤座。 天秤座位於天赤道以南，因此在地球上，除了北極地區以外，一年中的某些時候都能看到它。天秤座在北半球春末夏初和南半球秋末冬初的夜晚最適宜觀測。 該圖的縱軸為赤緯，橫軸為赤經，方向為上北下南左東右西。圖中標注的恆星大小對應其視星等——衡量天體視亮度的標準，較大的圓點代表著較亮的恆星。圖中的希臘字母標注著星座中最亮的恆星。這些恆星按亮度排序，最亮的一般被標記為α星，第二亮的一般為β星，等等，不過這種字母排序並不總是和實際亮度排序完全一致。圖中虛線標注的是國際天文學聯合會劃定的星座邊界，綠色實線則是一種常見的星座形象連線。需要注意的是，在實際觀測時，這些邊界與連線都不會出現在天空中。
Credit: 國際天文學聯合會天文教育辦公室（IAU OAE）根據國際天文學聯合會和《天空與望遠鏡》的原文改編

Caption: 天蠍座及其明亮恆星與周邊星座示意圖。從頂部開始沿順時針方向，天秤座周邊的星座依次為：蛇夫座、巨蛇頭、天秤座、豺狼座、矩尺座、天壇座、南冕座和人馬座。天蠍座最亮的恆星是心宿二，位於天蠍座的中心，其東南方（左下方）是著名的天蠍尾。天蠍座位於黃道上。從地球看來，太陽以一年為週期在天球上移動，所經過的路徑稱為黃道，在圖中以藍色實線標注。太陽只在每年十一月下旬的很短一段時間內位於天蠍座。太陽系中的其他行星也經常出現在天蠍座。 天蠍座位於天赤道以南。北極地區無法看到整個天蠍座，亞洲、歐洲和北美洲北部地區的觀測者也無法看到天蠍座的部分區域。天蠍座在北半球的夏季和南半球的冬季夜晚最適宜觀測。 疏散星團M6、M7和NGC 6231在圖中均以黃色圓圈標注，球狀星團M4和M80在圖中均以疊加了十字符號的黃色圓圈標注。 該圖的縱軸為赤緯，橫軸為赤經，方向為上北下南左東右西。圖中標注的恆星大小對應其視星等——衡量天體視亮度的標準，較大的圓點代表著較亮的恆星。圖中的希臘字母標注著星座中最亮的恆星。這些恆星按亮度排序，最亮的一般被標記為α星，第二亮的一般為β星，等等，不過這種字母排序並不總是和實際亮度排序完全一致。圖中虛線標注的是國際天文學聯合會劃定的星座邊界，綠色實線則是一種常見的星座形象連線。需要注意的是，在實際觀測時，這些邊界與連線都不會出現在天空中。
Credit: 國際天文學聯合會天文教育辦公室（IAU OAE）根據國際天文學聯合會和《天空與望遠鏡》的原文改編

Caption: 黃道星座室女座與周邊星座示意圖。從頂部開始沿順時針方向，室女座周邊的星座依次為：後發座、獅子座、巨爵座、烏鴉座、天秤座和牧夫座。室女座最亮的恆星是角宿一，位於該圖中央、黃道下方。可用如下的”春季大弧線“在夜空中定位角宿一：順著北斗七星的斗柄出發，延伸至牧夫座的大角星，再沿直線向下尋找，就可以找到角宿一。可用口訣來記憶：“順著斗柄至大角，直下尋得角宿一。”角宿一的位置略低於黃道——從地球看來，太陽以一年為週期在天球上移動，所經過的路徑稱為黃道，在圖中以藍色實線標注。太陽在每年九月中旬到十月下旬位於室女座。太陽系中的其他行星也經常出現在室女座。 室女座橫跨天赤道，因此在地球上的任何地方，一年中的某些時候都能看到其部分天區。但在地球南北兩極，室女座的部分天區會被遮蔽。室女座在北半球的春季和南半球的秋季夜晚最適宜觀測。 室女座常被描繪為背靠黃道平躺的少女形象，雙臂向兩側舒展，雙足則指向東方。室女座內可見多個深空天體，包括NGC 4697、M49、M87、M86、M84和M60，在圖中均以紅色橢圓標注。這些天體都是旋渦星系與橢圓星系，距離地球數百萬光年，均屬於離銀河系最近的星系團——室女座星系團。其中M87星系尤為值得注意，其核心的超大質量黑洞於2019年被事件視界望遠鏡成功拍攝，這是人類拍攝到的首張黑洞照片。這個黑洞被命名為Pōwehi，在夏威夷語中意為”無限創造的黑暗源泉“。 該圖的縱軸為赤緯，橫軸為赤經，方向為上北下南左東右西。圖中標注的恆星大小對應其視星等——衡量天體視亮度的標準，較大的圓點代表著較亮的恆星。圖中的希臘字母標注著星座中最亮的恆星。這些恆星按亮度排序，最亮的一般被標記為α星，第二亮的一般為β星，等等，不過這種字母排序並不總是和實際亮度排序完全一致。圖中虛線標注的是國際天文學聯合會劃定的星座邊界，綠色實線則是一種常見的星座形象連線。需要注意的是，在實際觀測時，這些邊界與連線都不會出現在天空中。
Credit: 國際天文學聯合會天文教育辦公室（IAU OAE）根據國際天文學聯合會和《天空與望遠鏡》的原文改編

Caption: The constellation Hydra with its bright stars and surrounding constellations. Hydra is surrounded by (going clockwise from the top): Leo, Cancer, Canis Minor, Monoceros, Puppis, Pyxis, Antlia, Centaurus, Lupus, Libra, Virgo, Corvus, Crater and Sextans. Hydra is a large constellation that covers over a quarter of the celestial sphere in right ascension. It also spans the celestial equator and thus part of the constellation is visible from everywhere on the Earth at some point in the year. All parts of the constellation are visible at some point for all but the most antarctic parts of the southern hemisphere and to equatorial and most temperate regions of the northern hemisphere. However the wide span of the constellation means that all of it may not be visible at the same time in many of these regions. Hydra is best viewed in the northern hemisphere spring and southern hemisphere autumn. The famous spiral galaxy M83, also known as the Pinwheel Galaxy, lies in Hydra. It is marked here with a red ellipse. The planetary nebula NGC 3242 can also be found in Hydra. It is marked here with a green circle with a plus sign superimposed on it. The open cluster M48 is marked here with a yellow circle while the globular cluster M68 is marked with a yellow circle with a plus sign superimposed on it. The y-axis of this diagram is in degrees of declination with north as up and the x-axis is in hours of right ascension with east to the left. The sizes of the stars marked here relate to the star's apparent magnitude, a measure of its apparent brightness. The larger dots represent brighter stars. The Greek letters mark the brightest stars in the constellation. These are ranked by brightness with the brightest star being labeled alpha, the second brightest beta, etc., although this ordering is not always followed exactly. The dotted boundary lines mark the IAU's boundaries of the constellations and the solid green lines mark one of the common forms used to represent the figures of the constellations. The blue line on the diagram marks the ecliptic. Neither the constellation boundaries, nor the line marking the ecliptic, nor the lines joining the stars appear on the sky.
Credit: Adapted by the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education from the original by the IAU and Sky & Telescope

Caption: The constellation Lupus with its bright stars and surrounding constellations. Lupus is surrounded by (going clockwise from the top): Libra, Hydra, Centaurus, Circinus, Norma and Scorpius. Lupus is a southern constellation and thus the whole constellation is visible at some point in the year throughout the southern hemisphere. The whole constellation is visible in equatorial and some temperate regions of the northern hemisphere with parts of the constellation visible to remaining temperate regions. Lupus is best viewed in the evenings in the northern hemisphere summer and southern hemisphere winter. The y-axis of this diagram is in degrees of declination with north as up and the x-axis is in hours of right ascension with east to the left. The sizes of the stars marked here relate to the star's apparent magnitude, a measure of its apparent brightness. The larger dots represent brighter stars. The Greek letters mark the brightest stars in the constellation. These are ranked by brightness with the brightest star being labeled alpha, the second brightest beta, etc., although this ordering is not always followed exactly. The dotted boundary lines mark the IAU's boundaries of the constellations and the solid green lines mark one of the common forms used to represent the figures of the constellations. The blue line in the top left of the diagram marks the ecliptic. Neither the constellation boundaries, nor the line marking the ecliptic, nor the lines joining the stars appear on the sky.
Credit: Adapted by the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education from the original by the IAU and Sky & Telescope