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Glossary term: 矮行星

Description: 矮行星是一种天体,具备以下特征:它围绕太阳运行,质量足够大,形成近似球形,但没有清除其轨道附近的其他物体,并且不是卫星。矮行星通常在类似天体密集的区域运行,例如小行星带和柯伊伯带。一般来说,矮行星比水星小,具有冰和岩石构成的结构。它们内部冰的含量与岩石的比例取决于它们在太阳系中的位置。冥王星是最著名的矮行星。需要注意的是,矮行星这个术语与已废弃的“微型行星”不应混淆。

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Term and definition status: The original definition of this term in English have been approved by a research astronomer and a teacher
The translation of this term and its definition is still awaiting approval

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冥王星的增强彩色图像,用于突出表面成分的差异。这些特征包括陨石坑、山脊和平原。

冥王星

Caption: 美国宇航局的 "新视野" 号航天器于 2015 年 7 月拍摄到了这张矮行星冥王星的高分辨率增强彩色图像。该图像结合了拉尔夫/多光谱视觉成像相机(MVIC)拍摄的蓝色、红色和红外线图像。在这张照片中,冥王星的表面呈现出淡蓝色、黄色、橙色和深红色的彩虹般色调。该图像可以分辨出小至 1.3 公里范围内的细节和色彩。
Credit: 美国宇航局/约翰霍普金斯大学应用物理实验室/西南研究所 credit link

License: PD Public Domain icons


小行星谷神星大致呈球形,表面呈灰色,布满陨石坑,其中一些陨石坑暴露出白色的地下水冰。

谷神星

Caption: 这是一张由“黎明号”探测器在2015年5月在13641公里的距离拍摄的小行星谷神星的真彩色图像。右侧醒目的明亮陨石坑是豪拉尼(Haulani)陨石坑,其左侧较小的亮点位于奥克索(Oxo)陨石坑的底部。来自这些撞击的喷出物似乎暴露出明亮的物质,可能是水冰。
Credit: NASA / JPL-Caltech / UCLA / MPS / DLR / IDA / Justin Cowart

License: CC-BY-2.0 Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic icons


Graphics showing the Sun, the planets and the dwarf planet pluto with text in Arabic

Pluto: The Long Journey Around the Sun

Caption: This infographic is part of the "Simplifying Astronomy for Arabic Speakers" project, aiming to present fascinating facts about the dwarf planet Pluto and its long journey around the Sun. Pluto: The Mysterious Dwarf Planet Pluto is a dwarf planet that orbits the Sun within the Kuiper Belt, a region filled with icy and rocky objects beyond Neptune’s orbit. It was first discovered in 1930 by astronomer Clyde Tombaugh. For decades, Pluto was classified as the ninth planet in the Solar System, but in 2006, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) redefined the criteria for planets, placing Pluto in the dwarf planet category. A Very Long Orbital Journey Pluto takes 248 Earth years to complete a single orbit around the Sun! Since its discovery in 1930, it has not yet completed one full revolution. However, it will finally complete its first full orbit since its discovery on March 23, 2178. This means that future generations will witness this rare astronomical event. Pluto’s Unique Characteristics It has an average distance of 5.9 billion kilometers from the Sun. Pluto has a thin atmosphere composed mainly of nitrogen, methane, and carbon monoxide. It has five moons, the largest of which is Charon, forming a binary system with Pluto. Its surface is covered in ice, with vast nitrogen plains, such as the famous Tombaugh Region. Why Is Studying Pluto Important? Despite being classified as a dwarf planet, Pluto remains one of the most intriguing objects in the Solar System. NASA’s New Horizons mission (2015) provided breathtaking details about Pluto, helping scientists better understand its composition and history. Pluto is not just a distant dwarf planet; it serves as a window into the early formation of the Solar System. As research continues, this small world may reveal astonishing secrets about the origins of our planetary system and the universe itself.
Credit: Ali Al-Edhari

License: CC-BY-4.0 Creative Commons 署名 4.0 国际 (CC BY 4.0) icons