Proxima Centauri, Our Closest Stellar Neighbor

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图注： Hubble's view of Proxima Centauri, a M-type dwarf and the nearest star to our Solar System. While this is the nearest star to the Sun, it was not discovered until 1915 due to its inherent faintness. Despite its proximity, it remains a point-like object in this image as even the closest stars to the Sun are very far away when compared to their physical size.
来源： ESA/Hubble & NASA
来源链接

词汇表: 比邻星 , M 型星

授权许可： 知识共享许可协议 署名 4.0 国际 (CC BY 4.0) 知识共享许可协议 署名 4.0 国际 (CC BY 4.0) 图标

文件 ( 图像 247.73 kB)

Remnant of SN 1006

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图注： This image shows the remnant of the supernova SN 1006. This was probably the result of a white dwarf that accreted so much material from a binary companion star that the white dwarf exploded (this is called a Type 1a supernova by astronomers). This explosion happened several thousand years ago, however it took time for the light from this event to reach Earth, only arriving in the year 1006. This bright explosion was noticed by observers across the Earth and its appearance was noted in the records of many different societies. Here we see the effect that supernova has had on its surroundings in the galaxy. The force of the explosion has blown a huge bubble in the surrounding interstellar gas with a hot shockwave at its edge. The image appears to be a simple color picture but it actually represents light far beyond what our eye can see. The blue is X-ray data from NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory, the yellow and orange are data from optical telescopes and the red is detections in radio waves from the Very Large Array and the Green Bank Telescope. The bright blue of the outer shell shows the gas there is very hot and that the explosion produced energetic shock waves.
来源： X-ray: NASA/CXC/Rutgers/G.Cassam-Chenai, Hughes et al.; Radio: NRAO/AUI/NSF/GBT/VLA/Dyer, Maddalena & Cornwell; Optical: Middlebury College/F.Winkler, NOAO/AURA/NSF/CTIO Schmidt & DSS
来源链接

词汇表: 恒星残骸 , 超新星 , X 射线天文学 , 超新星遗迹
分类： 银河系与星际介质 , 恒星

授权许可： 公共领域 公共领域 图标

文件 ( 图像 16.31 MB)

Dust Clouds and Nebulae near R Coronae Australis

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图注： The image shows a dark and dusty cloud and some bright reflection nebulae near the binary star R Coronae Australis. The dark cloud spans several light-years and is located in the constellation Corona Australis near the constellation Sagittarius, in the direction of the Milky Way's center. The cloud appears to swallow the light of distant stars behind it as the dust particles in it scatter light passing through in all directions. This gives it the appearance of a void in the sky. This dark nebula is part of the broader Corona Australis Molecular Clouds. R Coronae Australis forms part of the Coronet Cluster, a collection of young stars which formed at some point in the last two million years. Around R Coronae Australis in the center of the image is the small reflection nebula NGC 6729 with two blueish reflection nebulae NGC 6726 and NGC 6727 lying to the upper right of it. In these nebulae the dust scatters light from bright stars near the nebula towards an observer on Earth, making it glow in this image.
来源： ESO
来源链接

词汇表: 暗星云 , 灰尘 , 星云 , 星际介质 , 星际消光 , 分子云
分类： 银河系与星际介质

授权许可： 知识共享许可协议 署名 4.0 国际 (CC BY 4.0) 知识共享许可协议 署名 4.0 国际 (CC BY 4.0) 图标

文件 ( 图像 20.18 MB)

斯皮什地区的暖冬之夜

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为 OAE 制作

图注： 2022 年国际天文学联合会 OAE 天体摄影比赛静态天体图案类获奖作品。 这张照片于 2022 年 1 月在斯洛伐克拍摄，展现了银河的广袤区域与繁复的星座群像。北半球夏季星座低垂于画面右下方，天鹅座与天琴座的亮星穿透地平线的人造光源。冬季与秋季星座群集北天，诸多明亮恒星承载着多元文化叙事。 北美拉科塔人将猎户座腰带视为野牛脊柱（"Tayamnicankh, 塔亚姆尼坎克"）。在希腊神话中，猎户座常被描述为猎人，追逐着昴星团七姐妹，而阿拉伯传统将追逐者简化为单星——金牛座右眼恒星毕宿五（Aldebaran），其名源自阿拉伯语"al-dabaran"（追随者）。 画面右下方地平线处，黄道光从双鱼座经白羊座延伸至昴星团附近，勾勒出行星与月球的运行轨迹。昴星团与毕宿星团在此路径上形成"天界之门"，天体偶尔会穿过此门进入银河。古巴比伦人将行星视为绵羊，猎户座则被称作"天界真牧者"，其牧杖延伸至黄道。罗马传统中，昴星团与银河上方的亮白恒星五车二（Capella）被视作山羊，可追溯至该区域的埃及古星座。 画面中右部树冠上方可见秋季四边形、仙女座星系与W形仙后座。其左侧银河中央区域是英仙座，仙后座上方的仙王座则补全天界家族图谱。仙女座传说源自今以色列地区的希腊故事，根植于叙利亚传统——古巴比伦人视其区域为爱欲女神之地，叙利亚人则视为丰饶女神之所。传说中仙女座被锁于雅法（今特拉维夫）海岸的礁石上，英雄珀尔修斯（其名可能意为"波斯人"，今伊朗）将其救赎。 山谷中可见城镇灯火，地平线上方的黄色光晕来自于光污染严重的大城市。
来源： Robert Barsa/IAU OAE

词汇表: 星座 , 银河系 , 双鱼座 , 金牛座 , 猎户座 , 昴宿星团
分类： 银河系与星际介质 , 肉眼天文学

授权许可： 知识共享许可协议 署名 4.0 国际 (CC BY 4.0) 知识共享许可协议 署名 4.0 国际 (CC BY 4.0) 图标

此文件在 Zenodo 上 ( 图像 37.27 MB)

Space debris orbiting the Earth

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图注： This animation shows objects orbiting the Earth. The data date from February 2024 and are taken from space-track.org which maintains a public catalogue of objects tracked by the United States Space Command (USSPACECOM). At first in this video we see green dots, each representing one of the 31,000 human-made objects orbiting Earth. These include both operational and decommissioned satellites, used rocket stages from space launches, and fragments larger than 10cm created by collisions or explosions. Later in the video, some of the green dots are replace by orange dots, each of these representing one of the 9,300 operational satellites orbiting the Earth. Note that since February 2024 more satellites and rockets have been launched in to space and some objects will have fallen back to Earth, so these numbers will have changed. We see two main groups of objects. The first are those objects orbiting close to the Earth, objects in low Earth orbit. These include communication satellites (many from the satellite constellations used to provide satellite internet services), Earth observation satellites, military satellites, two operational space stations and other objects such as rocket stages and other debris. More distant from Earth we see a thin ring of satellites. These are in geostationary orbit. This is a special orbit where the orbital period matches the rotation period of the Earth. This means that a satellite in geostationary orbit stays above the same point on the equator and, when observed from the side of the Earth facing the satellite, will appear to stay at a position on the sky that does not change over time. Because of this, geostationary orbit is used by many communications satellites as a satellite dish on Earth used to receive or transmit a signal to that satellite can point in a fixed direction and does not need to dynamically track the satellite. Geostationary orbit is also used by weather observation satellites.
来源： NASA's Scientific Visualization Studio
来源链接

词汇表: 人造卫星 , 太空碎片 , 航天器
分类： 地球 , 太空探索

授权许可： 公共领域 公共领域 图标

文件 ( 视频 18.61 MB)