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The Crab Pulsar
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Légende : At the heart of the Crab Nebula, situated approximately 6,500 light-years away in the constellation of Taurus, lies the Crab Nebula Pulsar. This is remnant of a massive star that exploded at the end of its life. This happened several thousand years ago but the light from this explosion only reached the Earth in the year 1054. This celestial event was viewed by people across the world with many different societies noting it in their records.
The Crab Nebula Pulsar rotates about 30 times per second and emits light in many different wavelengths, including the visible spectrum. It is roughly one and a half times the mass of the sun but the force of the explosion that formed it crammed this mass into a tiny space, roughly ten kilometres in radius.
This image is a composite of several observations conducted by the Gemini North observatory in Hawaii, USA. The pulsar can be seen at the center. The observations that this image was created from were taken over a period of five years. Data from 2009 is shown in blue and data from 2014 is shown in red. Over this time material has flowed away from the pulsar resulting in this colored ripple effect. Again the colors do not show real colors in the image, the ripples show the positions of the shockwaves as they moved away from the pulsar and hit into the surrounding gas.
Crédit : International Gemini Observatory/NOIRLab/NSF/AUR, Jen Miller, Travis Rector, Mahdi Zamani & Davide de Martin
Lien du crédit
Termes du glossaire:
Étoile à neutrons , Pulsar , Vestiges stellaires
Catégories :
Voie lactée et milieu interstellaire
, Étoiles
Licence : Creative Commons (CC) Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) Creative Commons (CC) Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) Icônes
Fichier
( image
3.31 MB)
Great Britain covered by snow
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Légende : Snow covering almost all of Great Britain. This image was taken by the MODIS instrument on NASA's Terra satellite on the 7th of January 2010. On most days in winter only the highest mountains in Great Britain will be covered in snow. But a very cold weather and heavy snowfall in early January 2010 led to all but a few areas on the coast being covered by snow.
Ireland on the left is mostly covered by cloud, but where there are gaps we can see no snow coverage.
Crédit : NASA image by Jeff Schmaltz, MODIS Rapid Response Team, Goddard Space Flight Center
Lien du crédit
Termes du glossaire:
Hiver
Licence : Domaine Public Domaine Public Icônes
Fichier
( image
23.80 MB)
Luminous Salar de Uyuni
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Créé pour l'OAE
Légende : Winner in the 2022 IAU OAE Astrophotography Contest, category Still images of celestial patterns.
This black and white image taken in February 2017 in Uyuni Salt Flat of southwest Bolivia, the biggest salt flat in the world, shows one of the most recognisable constellations, Orion the hunter, and the open star cluster of the Hyades directly above the clouds at the horizon. Various cultures have different stories associated with Orion. The Aymara in this area of the world (Bolivia and Northern Chile) consider Orion’s Belt to be a Sky Bridge (chacka cilitu) or a Stairway made out of dough. This stairway is rather obvious in this picture. It appears as if the stars in the sky are scattered like grains of salt on the ground — an amazing composition.
For the Aymara, who were Christianised by the Spanish conquistadores, Orion and the Stairway are connected to the November festivals of the dead ancestors and the souls. In contrast to the original Christian culture, for these people in the southern hemisphere these festivals mark the beginning of summer, not the beginning of winter. While in the north, the “ghosts” of the ancestors are represented by the foggy weather in November, the Aymara greet the ancestors with flowers. This photograph in the dry salt flat, in contrast, seems to show the unlivable loneliness where the photographer meets the souls of the deceased.
The Yolnu people of Arnhem Land in Australia’s Northern Territory have a rich culturally significant story associated with Orion that carries a lesson. It tells of the three brothers of the Kingfish clan and their canoe Djulpan. Owing to their lack of patience, the brothers ate the sacred Kingfish, angering the Sun woman Walu who created a waterspout that sent them into the sky. Looking at the constellation Orion, the three stars in Orion’s belt represent the three brothers, Orion’s sword is the fishing line, and the two dimmer stars Bellatrix and Saiph form the two ends of the canoe Djulpan.
Crédit : Stephanie Ye Ziyi/IAU OAE
Termes du glossaire:
Constellation , Orion
Catégories :
Astronomie à l'œil nu
, Étoiles
Licence : Creative Commons (CC) Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) Creative Commons (CC) Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) Icônes
Ce fichier est sur Zenodo ( image 4.81 MB)
Traînées d'Étoiles et de Panache de Lave sur le Mont Etna, février 2021, par Dario Giannobile, Italie
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Créé pour l'OAE
Légende : Troisième place au concours d'astrophotographie de l'UAI OAE, catégorie Traînées d'Étoiles.
Cette image spectaculaire capture certaines des expressions les plus spectaculaires de la Nature, l'éruption d'un volcan et le ciel nocturne. Le volcan au premier plan est l'Etna, situé en Sicile/Italie, lors d'une éruption en février 2021. À l'arrière-plan, on peut voir les traînées d'étoiles résultant du mouvement de la Terre autour de son axe imaginaire. Le Mont Etna étant situé à environ 37° N, on peut remarquer que les arcs sont assez ouverts, car il est loin du pôle Nord, d'où la vue du ciel donnerait des traces dessinant des cercles. À mesure que l'on se rapproche de l'équateur, que l'on soit dans l'Hémisphère Sud ou dans l'Hémisphère Nord, les traces d'étoiles deviennent de plus en plus parallèles, et non plus circulaires, car l'observateur s'éloigne du zénith qui pointe vers l'un des axes de rotation de la Terre. Le ciel nous fournit donc des informations précieuses sur la localisation et le temps, et les civilisations anciennes avaient l'habitude de suivre le mouvement des corps célestes. L'image capture également les différentes couleurs des étoiles qui résultent de la différence de température des étoiles : les étoiles à température élevée sont plus bleues que les étoiles blanches et rouges à température plus basse.
Crédit : Dario Giannobile/IAU OAE
Termes du glossaire:
La piste des étoiles
Catégories :
Astronomie à l'œil nu
Licence : Creative Commons (CC) Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) Creative Commons (CC) Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) Icônes
Ce fichier est sur Zenodo ( image 12.61 MB)
Milky Way Arch over Lut Desert, Iran, by Amirreza Kamkar, Iran (Islamic Republic of)
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Créé pour l'OAE
Légende : Second place in the 2021 IAU OAE Astrophotography Contest, category Wide star fields.
This panoramic dawn image shows the majestic band of the Milky Way – our home Galaxy – made up of a few hundred billion stars, among other structures, most of which are not detectable by our eyes, or in some cases even directly with telescopes. The appearance of the band is because the Milky Way is a disc-shaped galaxy, and we (Earth/Solar System) are situated within the disc.
Diverse cultures and traditions around the world each have their own name and cultural stories for the Milky Way. The dark regions visible in the Milky Way are large, dense, cool nebulae (clouds of dust and gas), which obscure the light from stars in the Milky Way. The Indigenous Australians associate stories with the dark patches of the Milky Way, one of the most prominent being the Emu in the Sky (called Tchingal in Wotjobaluk country). In and around the band of the Milky Way there are a vast range of star clusters, two familiar ones are M6 (Butterfly cluster) and M7 (Ptolemy’s cluster).
The bright point just above the horizon is the planet Venus (known to the Boorong people of Indigenous Australia as Chargee Gnowee, elder sister of the Sun). Within the band of the Milky Way the brightest point in the image is the planet Jupiter (called Ginabongbearp, the Sulphur-crested white cockatoo by the Boorong). The planet Saturn is the bright point between Venus and Jupiter (closer to Venus than Jupiter).
There are two constellations and one asterism that can be easily discerned in the image: Aquila, Scorpio (Maui’s Hook), and Teapot (asterism in Sagittarius). In this image, the center of the Milky Way at an approximate distance of 26,000 light years from Earth, is located roughly to the top right of the Teapot spout.
The bright red-orange point to the right of Jupiter is the red supergiant star Antares and is part of the constellation Scorpio (known as Maui’s Hook in Māori and Polynesian cultures). This variation in the colour of stars is the result of temperature of the stars (lower temperature stars are redder, higher temperatures stars are bluer).
Crédit : Amirreza Kamkar/IAU OAE
Termes du glossaire:
Voie lactée , Nuage de poussière
Catégories :
Voie lactée et milieu interstellaire
, Astronomie à l'œil nu
Licence : Creative Commons (CC) Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) Creative Commons (CC) Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) Icônes
Ce fichier est sur Zenodo ( image 2.85 MB)
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